Japanese Spitz
jap-uh-NEEZ SPITS
JapanΒ· Japan
The Japanese Spitz is a small, pure white companion breed developed in Japan in the twentieth century, bred purely for temperament and appearance rather than any working task.

At a glance
Quick facts
Size
Small
Exercise needs
45-60 minutes daily
Home size suited to
Flat or small home
Grooming frequency
Daily brushing
Coat length
Long
Sheds
Yes, heavily when moulting
Lifespan
12-14 years
Town or country
Either, happy in town
Garden size needed
Small garden or none
Where it comes from
Origins of the Japanese Spitz

Developed in Japan during the early twentieth century from imported white spitz stock, the breed was shaped purely as a companion, with its striking white coat becoming its defining feature.
- Region
- Japan
- Climate it was bred for
- Temperate
- Original job
- Companion dog, developed for temperament and appearance
The long read
About the breed
The breed was developed in Japan during the 1920s and 1930s, drawing on white spitz-type dogs imported from Siberia, China and elsewhere, refined by Japanese breeders into a smaller, consistently white companion type shown from 1921 onward. It spread from Japan to other parts of Asia, Europe and Australia through the twentieth century, arriving relatively late in Britain and America compared to many spitz breeds, and remains more established in some countries than others, a quirk of its recent and somewhat scattered history.
Living with a Japanese Spitz means living with a lively, alert and generally very affectionate small dog that enjoys being close to its family and is typically good with children when raised alongside them. It is intelligent and reasonably easy to train, though its spitz heritage gives it a tendency to bark at things it finds interesting or unfamiliar, a trait worth managing early with consistent training. The pure white double coat looks demanding but is naturally clean and resists dirt reasonably well, needing regular brushing rather than frequent bathing to stay looking smart.
Today the breed remains a popular companion in Japan and parts of Asia, and is a growing but still relatively uncommon choice in Britain, valued for its striking white coat, cheerful temperament and manageable size for people wanting a spitz-type dog without the size of a Keeshond or the working drive of a Shiba.
Living with one
Temperament & needs
Our own ratings, based on the breed standard and how these dogs behave in ordinary homes.
Friendliness
4/5
How openly the Japanese Spitz greets people it does not know.
Trainability
4/5
Intelligent and generally keen to please.
Energy
3/5
Enjoys daily walks and play but is not high-drive.
Barking
4/5
Alert and prone to barking at the unfamiliar without training.
Grooming
3/5
White double coat needs regular brushing but resists dirt well.
Suits a first-time owner
4/5
How forgiving the Japanese Spitz is for someone taking on their first dog.
Sociability
4/5
Affectionate with family, good with children when raised together.
Independence
2/5
Prefers to be close to its people.
Illustrated breed standard
The points of the breed
Hover or tap a numbered point to read what the standard asks for.

Point 1
Skull
The Japanese Spitz's skull is judged on balance rather than size β proportionate to the body, with a clean cheek and a stop typical of the breed. Coarseness or an over-refined head are both faulted.
Colours & patterns
Recognised coats
Which coats the standard accepts β and which are simply popular.

White
Standard colour
The only accepted colour, pure and without markings.
Timeline
History & development
1920s
Development begins
Japanese breeders began refining white spitz-type dogs imported from Siberia and elsewhere.
1921
First shown
The breed was exhibited in Japan for the first time.
1948
Standard established
The Japanese Spitz standard was formalised by Japanese kennel clubs.
1977
UK recognition
The breed was recognised by the UK Kennel Club after being imported from Sweden.
Reference
Breed standard summary
- body
- Compact, well-balanced.
- coat
- Long, straight, white outer coat with dense undercoat.
- ears
- Small, triangular, erect.
- eyes
- Dark, slightly oval, alert.
- gait
- Brisk, light, agile.
- head
- Medium, wedge-shaped, moderate stop.
- size
- Small
- tail
- Curled over the back, richly plumed.
- colour
- White. Colours outside this list are seen but are not accepted by the kennel clubs.
- temperament
- Typical of the breed: strongest in trainability, sociability, barking. Nervousness or aggression are serious faults in the show ring and in the home.
- general appearance
- Small, compact spitz, pure white throughout.
Health
What to screen for
Green means little to worry about, amber means ask the breeder for test results, red means manage it actively.
Patellar luxation
Screen for it
Ask whether parents have been checked for kneecap stability.
Progressive retinal atrophy
Screen for it
DNA or eye testing is worth asking about.
Runny eyes (epiphora)
Low concern
Common but usually cosmetic; keep the face clean.
General information only β always speak to your vet about your own dog.
From real owners
Dogs like this
Japanese Spitzs added by PawPoint members through their pet passports. Share yours to appear here.
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Made for the Japanese Spitz
The book, plus prints, hoodies and mugs using our own Japanese Spitz illustration β and one everyday accessory that suits any dog.

The book
Pawpoint: The Complete Dog Breed Book
Every officially recognised breed plus the unofficial ones nobody else documents. 400+ pages, hardback, printed and shipped from the UK.
Own stock β shipped by us

Framed poster
Japanese Spitz Framed Poster
Museum-weight print of our Japanese Spitz illustration, framed or unframed.
Printed to order

Hoodie
Japanese Spitz Hoodie
Heavyweight hoodie carrying the Japanese Spitz illustration on the chest.
Printed to order

Mug
Japanese Spitz Mug
Ceramic mug with the Japanese Spitz illustration wrapped around it.
Printed to order

Accessory
Rope Slip Lead
Braided rope lead with a leather stop, 150cm. Good for training walks.
Fits any dog
Pawpoint on YouTube
Watch the full Japanese Spitz video
Breed deep-dives, history and honest ownership talk. New film every week.
Watch now
